Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health challenge. There is need to continuously evaluate TB treatment outcomes especially at this time of a global economic meltdown which has significant impact in resource poor countries like Nigeria.

Objectives: To determine the treatment outcomes and associated factors among patients treated at a TB treatment centre in Nigeria.

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the 5-year treatment outcomes of patients treated for TB at a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. All the data were retrieved from the patient’s folders at the TB clinic and entered into a pro forma. Data was analysed with SPSS version 25. Chi-squared test was used to test for associations between the background characteristics and treatment outcomes with significant level placed at p-value ≤0.05. All statistically significant variables on bivariate analysis were imputed into logistic regression to determine the predictors of unsuccessful treatment outcome.

Results: A total of 483 patients were studied. More of the patients had successful outcomes (58.3%). Those aged <30 years had about 2times odds of having an unsuccessful treatment outcome when compared to those > 30years of age. Those residing in rural area has 1.5 times odds of having unsuccessful outcome when compared to those residing in the urban areas. Also HIV positive patients had about 2 times odd of having an unsuccessful treatment outcome when compared to the HIV negative patients.