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International Journal of
Medicine Research
ARCHIVES
VOL. 7, ISSUE 2 (2022)
A study of clinical and investigative profile of peripartum cardiomyopathy
Authors
Dr. Rupal Vikas Dosi, Dr. Harshalkumar Kamleshbhai Joshi, Dr. Riya Pranav Vaishnav
Abstract
Introduction: Peripartum Cardiomyopathy is a rare distinct type of cardiomyopathy presenting in women in their late trimester of pregnancy and early puerperium. It is characterized by rapid onset of heart failure with propensity for spontaneous recovery but is associated with higher morbidities and mortalities if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Despite adequate literature available regarding its etiology, pathophysiology, clinical profile, treatment options and prognosis, scarce data is available regarding its clinical spectrum and outcome of patients in India. This study shall emphasize on various epidemiological, clinical and investigative parameters of peripartum cardiomyopathy that aids in the early diagnosis and treatment of patients with PPCM. Aim: To study the clinical and investigative profile of patients with PPCM with reference to Echocardiography, BNP and Prolactin levels and its correlation with clinical features and future outcomes. Materials and Methods: This was an observational longitudinal study conducted in patients visiting the indoor or outdoor sections of medicine or obstetrics and gynecology department of SSG hospital, Vadodara. A total of 30 patients of PPCM in study duration of 18 months who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were subjected to standardized interview. Complete medical and obstetric histories along with general and systemic examination was done. They were subjected for various laboratory and radiological investigations at presentations and repeated as required with follow up for 2D-Echo and Doppler examination. All data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests by using MedCalc version 12.5 and a p value < 0.05 is to be considered statistically significant. Results: Mean prolactin level was 78.72ng/ml and mean N-Pro-BNP level was 7920.4pg/ml. Mean Ejection fraction and Fractional Shortening were 29.6+ 8.3% and 16+4.9%. Patients who had higher Prolactin levels, higher N-Pro-BNP levels, high LVEDD, high LVESD, significant pulmonary hypertension, low EF and low FS at baseline have poor long-term prognosis. Conclusion: Symptoms improved over time in significant number of patients which is corroborated by improvement of LV function seen by echocardiography thus ensuring PPCM as a form of reversible cardiomyopathy. Baseline echocardiographic parameters, Serum Prolactin and N-Pro-BNP were correlated with long term prognosis and as a marker of risk stratification of patients with PPCM.
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Pages:43-49
How to cite this article:
Dr. Rupal Vikas Dosi, Dr. Harshalkumar Kamleshbhai Joshi, Dr. Riya Pranav Vaishnav "A study of clinical and investigative profile of peripartum cardiomyopathy". International Journal of Medicine Research, Vol 7, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 43-49
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