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VOL. 7, ISSUE 2 (2022)
Scrub Typhus
Authors
Meet Vasani, Darshankumar Raval, Yesha Chauhan
Abstract
Scrub typhus is caused by Orienta tsutsugamushi organism which is transmitted by the larval stage of Leptotrobidium mites, also known as chiggers [1]. Generally, the diagnosis is made by the history of eschar and/or a history of travel to endemic areas along with the patient’s presenting clinical complains [1]. It has one million cases per annum and the antigenic heterogeneity of O tsutsugamushi is a threat as it precludes generic immunity and increases reinfection [1]. The larva mainly feeds on thin, wrinkled skin and takes the advantage of the hair follicles or pores on the skin rather than piercing it. It forms a black eschar like a cigarette burn on the site of chigger feeding [1]. The organism has been reportedly found in the salivary glands of the mites. When present, the eschar precedes fever and is usually present below the umbilicus in males. In females, anterior chest, head, and neck present as the usual pattern of developing eschars. The majority of the cases of scrub typhus are reported to be in the ‘tsutsugamushi triangle' formed in the Asia-Pacific region [1]. The gold standard for diagnosing this condition is by performing immunofluorescence assay (IFA) [2]. Oral Doxycycline is the treatment of choice in mild cases, but severe cases may require parenteral administration [4]. Next-Generation sequencing is a new diagnostic tool that can help diagnose scrub typhus cases without the pathognomic eschar [5].
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Pages:8-10
How to cite this article:
Meet Vasani, Darshankumar Raval, Yesha Chauhan "Scrub Typhus". International Journal of Medicine Research, Vol 7, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 8-10
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