Aim of study: To find the correlation between prevelance of radial nerve injury and type of humeral shaft fracture

Patient and Methods: This prospective study was done in the sulaimania teaching hospital and casuality hospital on a68 patients aged 6 -75 year old with a diaphyseal fracture of the humerus for 1 year from 1^st june 2009 to 1^st june 2010,14 patient out of 68 patient associated with motor and sensory radial nerve palsy. 3 of 14 had compound fractures, and the remaining 11 had close fracture.

Results: The prevelance of radial nerve palsy with fracture shaft humerus was 20.6%.and electrophysiological study was 10 of 14 patient developed neuropraxia, 1 patient develop axonotamesis and 3 patient developed neurotamesis Amog those 3 patients with compound fractures 2 of them had complete transection of radial nerve, reoaire of the nerve was done, the third one with compound fracture had intact nerve, neurolysis was done to it, Among 11 patients with close fractures and radial nerve injury,3 of them treated non surgically, the remaining 8 patients treated surgically (6 patient had intact nerve, neurolysis of nerve done, one patient entrapment of nerve occure, neurolysis and mobilization of nerve done, the last patient has complet nerve cut, repaire of nerve has been done)

Conclusions: The prevelance of radial nerve palsy with fracture shaft humerus was 20, 6% Transections of the radial nerve is usually associated with open fractures of the. Intact nerves and nerve palsies that are part of a closed fracture nearly always recover